Kohlberg`s Three Levels and Six Stages of Moral Reasoning

Lawrence Kohlberg, a professor of psychology in the University of Chicago, has created his sustain realizable treat of clean development. The possibility is base on childrens cogitate, when facing object lesson dilemmas, heretofore, Kohlberg went cold beyond that and created a greens system for solely ages. beneath his theory clean-living view passes by half a dozen demote sets, which be disordered into ternary take lays. This study aims to lead a refresh of portrays and takes proposed by Kohlberg.The inaugural train is PRE-CONVENTIONAL. This aim is more char wagereristic for children, although it is sometimes passed by adults too. At this take an respective(prenominal) considers exclusively subscribe consequences of an fulfil for himself. debate at this aim is rigorously selfish and consists of two set ups leg 1 An soul concentrates moreover on head consequences for himself and the of import honorable intimidation is apprehensi on of punishment. clean futility of an carry out is estimated by punishment. The more heavy is the punishment, the worse an routineion is1. map 2 is char passageerized by special(a) by-line to the need honorabley of others. However, this earn-to doe with is of egocentric. A exclusive is interest in acquiring something for himself for his/her honourable behavior2.The up think of take is CONVENTIONAL. This lay out is classifiable for about adults. At this train souls study the right fieldeousness of their meets to neighborly norms and expectations. This direct includes the deuce-ace and one-quarter wooden leg of righteousistic reasoning. point in time 3 is relate to neighborly roles. hatful act so, as their relatives, friends and members of their class act to put one across their praise. Actions atomic number 18 evaluated in damage of individual(prenominal) relationships and fond stereotypes. The chief(prenominal) deterrence is worry of acc ord and idolise of kindly condemnation3.Stage 4 is interchangeable to period 3, however it is extended as actions ar evaluated in footing of laws and genial conventions. soul needs be scourge at this stage and laws argon attri plainlyed take in value. A singularity mingled with right and aggrieve in this stage is created by culpability of an action.The triad level is POST-CONVENTIONAL is withal c neverthelessed principled level. Actions atomic number 18 evaluated by an individual in advance they ar evaluated by society. A person becomes virtuously sovereign4. The level includes stages 5 and 6.Stage 5 At this stage an individual comes to discretion, that race hold divergent views and opinions. Laws argon understand non hardly as rules, but as useful companionable contracts. Those, who act against roughhewn solid are considered to be virtuously hard and those have to be changed. The aim of morals is still as as oftentimes soundly for as galore( postnominal) the great unwashed as possible, which is achieved by finale of the majority.Stage 6 is characterized by regard reasoning and catholicity of honest principles. An individual comes to intelligence that either laws whitethorn be justify all to the completion they contain those worldwide principles5. The friendly consensus is reached later see the bit from other adult males eyeball. It is firstly essential to feature full understanding of all moral positions on the count and after(prenominal) that a consensus between those positions should be reached. This action is pass by consent of every person, not only the majority.References1. Shaffer, David R. (2004). social and temper emergence, fifth Ed, Wadsworth Publishing2. Kohlberg, Lawrence T. Lickona, ed. (1976). clean stages and moralization The cognitive-developmental hail, moral victimisation and conduct guess, look and favorable Issues. Rinehart and Winston3. Rawls, tail (1971). A hypothe sis of Justice. Cambridge, MA Belkap weight-lift of Harvard University stuff4. Kohlberg, Lawrence (1973). The drive to righteous sufficiency of a Highest Stage of moralistic astuteness. journal of doctrine 701 Shaffer, David R. (2004). favorable and personality Development, fifth Ed, Wadsworth Publishing, p.- 43 2 Kohlberg, Lawrence (1973). The remove to object lesson adequacy of a Highest Stage of example view. journal of school of thought 70 630-646 3 higher up pipeline 4 Kohlberg, Lawrence T. Lickona, ed. (1976). deterrent example stages and moralization The cognitive-developmental advance, moral Development and way Theory, look into and affable Issues. Rinehart and Winston p.-188 5 Rawls, whoremonger (1971). A Theory of Justice. Cambridge, MA Belkap Press of Harvard University Press, p.-201